Convergences in state positions on human control

Despite differences in phrasing when discussing the human element as it relates to autonomous weapons systems, there is much common ground among states in their understandings and requirements as to what ‘meaningful’, ‘sufficient’, or ‘appropriate’ levels of human control or involvement requires. This paper aims to shed light on where states share such understandings, in particular in three key areas which provide technical underpinnings for rules on human control in autonomous weapons systems.